// 获取类型信息
Type type = typeof(string);
Console.WriteLine(type.Name);        // 输出: String
Console.WriteLine(type.Namespace);   // 输出: System

// 或从实例获取
var list = new List<int>();
Type listType = list.GetType();
Console.WriteLine(listType.FullName); // System.Collections.Generic.List`1[System.Int32]

// 假设有一个简单类
public class Calculator
{
    public int Add(int a, int b) => a + b;
    private string GetSecret() => "秘密信息";
}

// 使用反射创建实例并调用公共方法
Type calcType = typeof(Calculator);
object calc = Activator.CreateInstance(calcType);

MethodInfo addMethod = calcType.GetMethod("Add");
int result = (int)addMethod.Invoke(calc, new object[] { 5, 3 });
Console.WriteLine(result); // 输出: 8

MethodInfo secretMethod = calcType.GetMethod("GetSecret", 
    BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
string secret = (string)secretMethod.Invoke(calc, null);
Console.WriteLine(secret); // 输出: 秘密信息

public class Person
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    private int age;
}

Person p = new Person();
Type personType = p.GetType();

// 设置公共属性
PropertyInfo nameProp = personType.GetProperty("Name");
nameProp.SetValue(p, "Alice");

// 访问私有字段
FieldInfo ageField = personType.GetField("age", 
    BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
ageField.SetValue(p, 25);

Console.WriteLine(nameProp.GetValue(p)); // Alice
Console.WriteLine(ageField.GetValue(p)); // 25

// 加载外部程序集（假设存在 MyPlugin.dll）
Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyPlugin.dll");

// 获取所有类型
Type[] types = assembly.GetTypes();

foreach (Type t in types)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"找到类型: {t.Name}");

    // 查找实现了特定接口的类
    if (typeof(IPlugin).IsAssignableFrom(t) && !t.IsInterface)
    {
        object plugin = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
        MethodInfo execute = t.GetMethod("Execute");
        execute.Invoke(plugin, null);
    }
}

// 使用委托提升性能示例
MethodInfo method = typeof(Calculator).GetMethod("Add");
var addDelegate = (Func<Calculator, int, int, int>)Delegate
    .CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<Calculator, int, int, int>), null, method);

Calculator calc = new Calculator();
int result = addDelegate(calc, 10, 20); // 比Invoke快得多